People attend the launch ceremony of the nuclear-powered icebreaker "Yakutia" at the Baltic Shipyard in Saint Petersburg, Russia November 22, 2022. REUTERS/Igor Russak 

The Russian flag with flags of the Russian-controlled territories of four Ukraine's regions of Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia is attached to the nuclear-powered icebreaker "Yakutia" during the launch ceremony at the Baltic Shipyard in Saint Petersburg, Russia November 22, 2022. REUTERS/Igor Russak 

The Russian flag with flags of the Russian-controlled territories of four Ukraine's regions of Donetsk, Luhansk, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia is attached to the nuclear-powered icebreaker "Yakutia" during the launch ceremony at the Baltic Shipyard in Saint Petersburg, Russia November 22, 2022. REUTERS/Igor Russak 

Cadets take part in the launch ceremony of the nuclear-powered icebreaker "Yakutia" at the Baltic Shipyard in Saint Petersburg, Russia November 22, 2022. REUTERS/Igor Russak 

A view shows the nuclear-powered icebreaker "Yakutia" during the launch ceremony at the Baltic Shipyard in Saint Petersburg, Russia November 22, 2022. REUTERS/Igor Russak 

People watch the launch ceremony of the nuclear-powered icebreaker "Yakutia" at the Baltic Shipyard in Saint Petersburg, Russia November 22, 2022. REUTERS/Igor Russak 

People stand on the deck of the nuclear-powered icebreaker "Yakutia" during the launch ceremony at the Baltic Shipyard in Saint Petersburg, Russia November 22, 2022. REUTERS/Igor Russak 

A view shows the nuclear-powered icebreaker "Yakutia" during the launch ceremony at the Baltic Shipyard in Saint Petersburg, Russia November 22, 2022. REUTERS/Igor Russak 

NATO allies wake up to Russian supremacy in the region Russia’s icebreaker fleet vastly outnumbers those of other nations 

NATO allies wake up to Russian supremacy in the region Many members pledged to increase the spending after Russian invasion of Ukraine. 

NATO allies wake up to Russian supremacy in the region Russia's naval, air and ground force bases inside the Arctic Circle outnumber NATO’s by about a third. 

NATO allies wake up to Russian supremacy in the region Many members pledged to increase the spending after Russian invasion of Ukraine. 

NATO allies wake up to Russian supremacy in the region Russia’s icebreaker fleet vastly outnumbers those of other nations 

NATO allies wake up to Russian supremacy in the region Russia's naval, air and ground force bases inside the Arctic Circle outnumber NATO’s by about a third. 

As Russia’s invasion of Ukraine ends an era of low tension, NATO allies in the Arctic, a key strategic zone, trail in military and surveillance presence. 

Demonstrators hold a banner reading "No oil in the arctic" as they protest against the Wisting oil field development in front of the Stortinget, the Norwegian parliament, in Oslo, Norway, October 28, 2022. REUTERS/Victoria Klesty 

Demonstrators hold a banner reading "No oil in the arctic" as they protest against the Wisting oil field development in front of the Stortinget, the Norwegian parliament, in Oslo, Norway, October 28, 2022. REUTERS/Victoria Klesty 

Gail Whiteman, founder of Arctic Basecamp speaks to guests during the annual Reuters IMPACT summit in London, Britain October 3, 2022. REUTERS/Maja Smiejkowska 

Gail Whiteman, founder of Arctic Basecamp, speaks to guests during the annual Reuters IMPACT summit in London, Britain October 3, 2022. REUTERS/Maja Smiejkowska 

Daily extent of Arctic Sea Ice 

Daily extent of Arctic Sea Ice 

A hiker walks in front of Austerdalsisen, a glacier arm of the south side of the inland part of Svartisen glacier, one of Norway's largest glaciers near Mo i Rana, Norway September 19, 2022. REUTERS/Lisi Niesner 

Arctic Wildfires Illustration explaining effects of wildfires on permafrost 

Arctic Wildfires Share of global wildfire emissions 

Arctic Wildfires Comparison between different wildfires 

Arctic Wildfires Illustration explaining effects of wildfires on permafrost 

Arctic Wildfires Comparison between different wildfires 

Arctic Wildfires Share of global wildfire emissions 

With climate change raising Arctic temperatures faster than the global average, wildfires are shifting towards the Arctic where the flames release vast amounts of greenhouse gases from the carbon-rich soil 

A temporary control room set up by Boeing and its partners to showcase an Arctic surveillance system using remote sensing from satellites and unmanned vehicles, at Odense airport, Denmark September 7, 2022. REUTERS/Jacob Gronholt-Pedersen 

Boeing's Integrator long-endurance unmanned aircraft is showcased as part of an Arctic surveillance system offered to NATO allies, at Odense airport, Denmark September 6, 2022. REUTERS/Jacob Gronholt-Pedersen REFILE - CORRECTING DATE 

Boeing's Integrator long-endurance unmanned aircraft is showcased as part of an Arctic surveillance system offered to NATO allies, at Odense airport, Denmark September 6, 2022. REUTERS/Jacob Gronholt-Pedersen REFILE - CORRECTING DATE 

Daily extent of Arctic Sea Ice 

Daily extent of Arctic Sea Ice 

Oolootie Kunilusie reels in an Arctic char from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Oolootie Kunilusie catches an arctic char from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Oolootie Kunilusie and Norm Nowdluk fish for arctic char from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Norm Nowdluk fishes for arctic char from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Oolootie Kunilusie uses a rock to kill an arctic char fish she caught from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Norm Nowdluk fishes for arctic char from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Oolootie Kunilusie catches an arctic char from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Oolootie Kunilusie reels in an arctic char from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Oolootie Kunilusie removes the eggs from an arctic char fish she caught from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Oolootie Kunilusie uses an ulu knife to gut and clean an arctic char fish she caught from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Oolootie Kunilusie uses an ulu knife to gut and clean an arctic char fish she caught from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Oolootie Kunilusie reels in an arctic char from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Oolootie Kunilusie reels in an arctic char from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Oolootie Kunilusie uses an ulu knife to gut and clean an arctic char fish she caught from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Oolootie Kunilusie fishes for arctic char from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Oolootie Kunilusie removed the eggs from an arctic char fish she caught from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Oolootie Kunilusie used an ulu knife to remove the eggs from an arctic char fish she caught from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Norm Nowdluk fishes for arctic char from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Oolootie Kunilusie, and Norm Nowdluk share a smoke while fishing for arctic char from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

Joe shows an arctic char he caught from the Sylvia Grinnell River ahead of the visit by Pope Francis to Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada July 27, 2022. REUTERS/Carlos Osorio 

A concrete gravity-based structure (GBS) of Arctic LNG 2 joint venture is seen under construction in a dry dock of the LNG Construction center near the settlement of Belokamenka, Murmansk region, Russia July 26, 2022. REUTERS/Stringer 

A concrete gravity-based structure (GBS) of Arctic LNG 2 joint venture is seen under construction in a dry dock of the LNG Construction center near the settlement of Belokamenka, Murmansk region, Russia July 26, 2022. REUTERS/Stringer 

The Pers Glacier is seen near Mount Piz Palue, near the Alpine resort of Pontresina, Switzerland July 22, 2022. REUTERS/Arnd Wiegmann 

Assistant Andrea Millhaeusler walks on the ice to a measuring point on the Pers Glacier near the Alpine resort of Pontresina, Switzerland July 21, 2022. REUTERS/Arnd Wiegmann