Robert Shiller, one of three American scientists who won the 2013 economics Nobel prize, speaks on the phone at his home in New Haven, Connecticut October 14, 2013. Shiller, along with Eugene Fama and Lars Peter Hansen, won the 2013 economics Nobel prize on Monday for research that has improved the forecasting of asset prices in the long term and helped the emergence of index funds in stock markets, the award-giving body said. REUTERS/Michelle McLoughlin (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS SOCIETY SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY) 

Robert Shiller, one of three American scientists who won the 2013 economics Nobel prize, poses at his home in New Haven, Connecticut October 14, 2013. Shiller, along with Eugene Fama and Lars Peter Hansen, won the 2013 economics Nobel prize on Monday for research that has improved the forecasting of asset prices in the long term and helped the emergence of index funds in stock markets, the award-giving body said. REUTERS/Michelle McLoughlin (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS SOCIETY SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY) 

Robert Shiller, one of three American scientists who won the 2013 economics Nobel prize, poses at his home in New Haven, Connecticut October 14, 2013. Shiller, along with Eugene Fama and Lars Peter Hansen, won the 2013 economics Nobel prize on Monday for research that has improved the forecasting of asset prices in the long term and helped the emergence of index funds in stock markets, the award-giving body said. REUTERS/Michelle McLoughlin (UNITED STATES - Tags: BUSINESS SOCIETY SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY HEADSHOT) 

University of Chicago Professor Eugene Fama is pictured in his house with his wife Sally after finding out he won the 2013 Nobel Prize in Economics in Chicago, Illinois October 14, 2013. Fama is one of three American scientists who won the 2013 economics Nobel prize on October 14, 2013, for research that has improved the forecasting of asset prices in the long term and helped the emergence of index funds in stock markets, the award-giving body said. REUTERS/Jim Young (UNITED STATES - Tags: SOCIETY BUSINESS POLITICS) 

Author Elizabeth Hay (L) holds the Giller Prize, Canada's richest literary award, for her novel "Late Nights On Air" as she is congratulated by fellow Canadian writer Alice Munroe at the end of the Giller awards ceremony in Toronto November 6, 2007.
REUTERS/ Mike Cassese (CANADA) 

Michael Levitt talks during an interview at his home in Stanford, California October 9, 2013. Three U.S. Scientists, including Levitt, won the Nobel chemistry prize on Wednesday for pioneering work on computer programs that simulate complex chemical processes and have revolutionised research in areas from drugs to solar energy. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, awarding the prize of 8 million crowns ($1.25 million) to Martin Karplus, Levitt and Arieh Warshel, said their work had effectively taken chemistry into cyberspace. REUTERS/Robert Galbraith (UNITED STATES - Tags: SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY POLITICS HEADSHOT) 

Michael Levitt speaks at his home in Stanford, California October 9, 2013. Three U.S. scientists, including Levitt, won the Nobel chemistry prize on Wednesday for pioneering work on computer programs that simulate complex chemical processes and have revolutionised research in areas from drugs to solar energy. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, awarding the prize of 8 million crowns ($1.25 million) to Martin Karplus, Levitt and Arieh Warshel, said their work had effectively taken chemistry into cyberspace. REUTERS/Robert Galbraith (UNITED STATES - Tags: SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY POLITICS) 

University of Southern California professor Arieh Warshel poses at his home after hearing he won the Nobel chemistry prize, in Los Angeles, California October 9, 2013. American-Israeli citizen Warshel won the Nobel chemistry prize with Martin Karplus and Michael Levitt of the U.S. on Wednesday for pioneering work on computer programs that simulate complex chemical processes and have revolutionized research in areas from drugs to solar energy.
REUTERS/Lucy Nicholson (UNITED STATES - Tags: POLITICS SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY HEADSHOT) 

University of Southern California professor Arieh Warshel (L) talks on the phone with Israeli President Shimon Peres as he sits with his wife Tami Warshel after hearing he won the Nobel chemistry prize in Los Angeles, California October 9, 2013. Warshel, a U.S. and Israel citizen, won the Nobel chemistry prize with U.S. scientists Martin Karplus and Michael Levitt on Wednesday for pioneering work on computer programs that simulate complex chemical processes and have revolutionised research in areas from drugs to solar energy. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, awarding the prize of 8 million crowns ($1.25 million) to Karplus, Levitt and Warshel, said their work had effectively taken chemistry into cyberspace. Long gone were the days of modelling reactions using plastic balls and sticks. REUTERS/Lucy Nicholson (UNITED STATES - Tags: POLITICS SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY SOCIETY) 

Martin Karplus speaks on the phone after winning the 2013 Nobel Prize for chemistry, at his home in Cambridge, Massachusetts October 9, 2013. Karplus, Michael Levitt and Arieh Warshel won the 2013 Nobel Prize for chemistry for the development of multiscale models for complex chemical systems, the award-giving body said on Wednesday. REUTERS/Dominick Reuter (UNITED STATES - Tags: SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY) 

Belgian physicist Francois Englert reacts as he appears at the balcony of his house in Brussels October 8, 2013, after he and Britain's Peter Higgs won the 2013 Nobel prize for physics. The two scientists won the prize for predicting the existence of the Higgs boson - the particle key to explaining why elementary matter has mass - the award-giving body said on October 8. REUTERS/Yves Herman (BELGIUM - Tags: SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY) 

Belgian physicist Francois Englert reacts next to his wife Mira as they appear at the balcony of his house in Brussels October 8, 2013, after he and Britain's Peter Higgs won the 2013 Nobel prize for physics. The two scientists won the prize for predicting the existence of the Higgs boson - the particle key to explaining why elementary matter has mass - the award-giving body said on October 8. REUTERS/Yves Herman (BELGIUM - Tags: SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION PROFILE) 

Belgian physicist Francois Englert appears at the balcony of his house in Brussels October 8, 2013, after he and Britain's Peter Higgs won the 2013 Nobel prize for physics. The two scientists won the prize for predicting the existence of the Higgs boson - the particle key to explaining why elementary matter has mass - the award-giving body said on October 8. REUTERS/Yves Herman (BELGIUM - Tags: SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY HEADSHOT PROFILE EDUCATION) 

Professor Peter Higgs smiles during a news conference at the launch of The University of Edinburgh's new Higgs Centre for Theoretical Physics, Scotland July 6, 2012. REUTERS/David Moir (BRITAIN - Tags: SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY EDUCATION SOCIETY) 

British physicist Peter Higgs arrives for a scientific seminar to deliver the latest update in the search for the Higgs boson at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Meyrin near Geneva July 4, 2012. REUTERS/Denis Balibouse (SWITZERLAND - Tags: SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY) 

British physicist Peter Higgs (R) talks with Belgium physicist Francois Englert before a news conference update in the search for the Higgs boson at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) in Meyrin near Geneva July 4, 2012. REUTERS/Denis Balibouse (SWITZERLAND - Tags: SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY) 

Randy Schekman (L), professor of molecular and cell biology at the University of California at Berkeley, holds a parking permit for Nobel laureate given by chancellor Nicholas B. Dirks after a news conference in Berkeley, California October 7, 2013. Americans Schekman and James Rothman and Germany's Thomas Suedhof won the 2013 Nobel medicine prize for their work on how hormones are transported within and outside cells, giving insight into diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's. REUTERS/Stephen Lam (UNITED STATES - Tags: EDUCATION SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY HEALTH) 

Randy Schekman, a professor at the University of California at Berkeley, speaks during an interview at his home in El Cerrito, California October 7, 2013. Americans Schekman and James Rothman and Germany's Thomas Suedhof won the 2013 Nobel medicine prize for their work on how hormones are transported within and outside cells, giving insight into diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's. REUTERS/Robert Galbraith (UNITED STATES - Tags: HEADSHOT HEALTH SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY PROFILE) 

Randy Schekman (R), professor of molecular and cell biology at the University of California at Berkeley, kisses his wife Nancy Walls after a press conference in Berkeley, California October 7, 2013. Americans Schekman and James Rothman and Germany's Thomas Suedhof won the 2013 Nobel medicine prize for their work on how hormones are transported within and outside cells, giving insight into diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's. REUTERS/Stephen Lam (UNITED STATES - Tags: SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY HEALTH EDUCATION) 

Yale University Professor James Rothman, 62, the co-awardee of the 2013 Nobel Prize for Medicine, gives an interview after a press conference at Yale in New Haven, Connecticut on October 7, 2013. Three U.S.-based scientists won the Nobel medicine prize on Monday for plotting how vital materials such as hormones and brain chemicals are transported within cells and secreted to act on the body, giving insight into diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's. Americans James Rothman, 62, Randy Schekman, 64, and German-born Thomas Suedhof, 57, separately mapped out one of the body's critical networks that uses tiny bubbles known as vesicles to ferry chemicals such as insulin within cells. Medicine is the first of the Nobel prizes awarded each year. REUTERS/Michelle McLoughlin (UNITED STATES - Tags: HEALTH SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY HEADSHOT) 

Yale University Professor James Rothman, 62, the co-awardee of the 2013 Nobel Prize for Medicine, speaks at a news conference at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut October 7, 2013. Three U.S.-based scientists won the Nobel medicine prize on Monday for plotting how vital materials such as hormones and brain chemicals are transported within cells and secreted to act on the body, giving insight into diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's. Americans Rothman, Randy Schekman, 64, and German-born Thomas Suedhof, 57, separately mapped out one of the body's critical networks that uses tiny bubbles known as vesicles to ferry chemicals such as insulin within cells. Medicine is the first of the Nobel prizes awarded each year. REUTERS/Adrees Latif (UNITED STATES - Tags: HEALTH SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY HEADSHOT) 

Yale University Professor James Rothman, 62, the co-awardee of the 2013 Nobel Prize for Medicine, stands next to wife Joy Hirsch after a press conference at Yale in New Haven, Connecticut October 7, 2013. Three U.S.-based scientists won the Nobel medicine prize on Monday for plotting how vital materials such as hormones and brain chemicals are transported within cells and secreted to act on the body, giving insight into diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's. Americans James Rothman, 62, Randy Schekman, 64, and German-born Thomas Suedhof, 57, separately mapped out one of the body's critical networks that uses tiny bubbles known as vesicles to ferry chemicals such as insulin within cells. Medicine is the first of the Nobel prizes awarded each year. REUTERS/Michelle McLoughlin (UNITED STATES - Tags: HEALTH SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY) 

Yale University Professor James Rothman, 62, the co-awardee of the 2013 Nobel Prize for Medicine, speaks at a news conference at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut October 7, 2013. Three U.S.-based scientists won the Nobel medicine prize on Monday for plotting how vital materials such as hormones and brain chemicals are transported within cells and secreted to act on the body, giving insight into diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's. Americans Rothman, Randy Schekman, 64, and German-born Thomas Suedhof, 57, separately mapped out one of the body's critical networks that uses tiny bubbles known as vesicles to ferry chemicals such as insulin within cells. Medicine is the first of the Nobel prizes awarded each year. REUTERS/Adrees Latif (UNITED STATES - Tags: HEALTH SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY) 

Yale University Professor James Rothman, 62, the co-awardee of the 2013 Nobel Prize for Medicine, arrives to a standing ovation before attending a press conference at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, October 7, 2013. Three U.S.-based scientists won the Nobel medicine prize on Monday for plotting how vital materials such as hormones and brain chemicals are transported within cells and secreted to act on the body, giving insight into diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's. Americans James Rothman, 62, Randy Schekman, 64, and German-born Thomas Suedhof, 57, separately mapped out one of the body's critical networks that uses tiny bubbles known as vesicles to ferry chemicals such as insulin within cells. Medicine is the first of the Nobel prizes awarded each year. REUTERS/Adrees Latif (UNITED STATES - Tags: HEALTH SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY) 

Yale University Professor James Rothman, 62, the co-awardee of the 2013 Nobel Prize for Medicine, gives a lecture to students at Yale in New Haven, Connecticut on October 7, 2013. Students encircled Rothman's podium with trophies ahead of his arrival in celebration of the award. Three U.S.-based scientists won the Nobel medicine prize on Monday for plotting how vital materials such as hormones and brain chemicals are transported within cells and secreted to act on the body, giving insight into diseases such as diabetes and Alzheimer's. Americans James Rothman, 62, Randy Schekman, 64, and German-born Thomas Suedhof, 57, separately mapped out one of the body's critical networks that uses tiny bubbles known as vesicles to ferry chemicals such as insulin within cells. Medicine is the first of the Nobel prizes awarded each year. REUTERS/Michelle McLoughlin (UNITED STATES - Tags: HEALTH SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY) 

NOBEL-PRIZE/PHYSICS - Chart and timeline showing breakdown of past Nobel laureates in Physics by country of origin. Includes details of the winner of the 2013 prize. (SIN01)